ticky2002 said:
"Thorough explanation of the type of chemical reaction that occurs between the salt and water, including disassociation for each salt."
How do you do that??
Also I've no idea what to write for the hypothesis.
The aim is: To determine the acidity/basicity of a range of salts based on their pH.
Any ideas?
Salts are produced by the neutralisation of acids and bases. Barium hydroxide is not a salt so it is removed from the list. All other salts are now referred to by chemical names.
Hypothesis:
The pH of a salt solution will be determined by the strengths of the acid and base that produce the salt upon neutralisation.
In other words:
Salts produced by the neutralisation of a strong acid with a strong base will have a pH = 7.
Salts produced by the neutralisation of a strong acid with a weak base will have a pH < 7.
Salts produced by the neutralisation of a weak acid with a strong base will have a pH > 7.
Reactions (Compounds in blue are strong bases, red are strong acids, orange are weak acids):
Lead Nitrate
PbO +
2HNO3 --> Pb(NO
3)
2 + H
2O
Pb(NO
3)
2 + H
2O --> Pb
2+ + 2NO
3-
Magnesium Chloride
MgO +
2HCl --> MgCl
2 + H
2O
MgCl
2 + H
2O --> Mg
2+ + 2Cl
-
Zinc Nitrate
ZnO +
2HNO3 --> Zn(NO
3)
2 + H
2O
Zn(NO
3)
2 + H
2O --> Zn
2+ + 2NO
3-
Calcium Chloride
CaO +
2HCl --> CaCl
2 + H
2O
CaCl
2 + H
2O --> Ca
2+ + 2Cl
-
Copper Sulfate
CuO +
H2SO4 --> Cu(SO
4)
2 + H
2O
CuSO
4 + H
2O --> Cu
2+ + SO
42-
Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
NaOH +
H2CO3 --> NaHCO
3 + H
2O
NaHCO
3 + H
2O --> Na
+ + HCO
3-
HCO
3- + H
2O --> H
2CO
3 + OH
-
Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate
KOH +
C4H6O6 --> KHC
4H
4O
6 + H
2O
KHC
4H
4O
6 + H
2O --> K
+ + HC
4H
4O
6-
HC
4H
4O
6- + H
2O --> H
2C
4H
4O
6 + OH
-
Sodium Chloride
NaOH +
HCl --> NaCl + H
2O
NaCl + H
2O --> Na
+ + Cl
-
Magnesium Sulfate
MgO +
H2SO4 --> MgSO
4 + H
2O
MgSO
4 + H
2O --> Mg
2+ + SO
42-
Salts resulting from a reaction between a blue base and a red acid are neutral. They will have a pH 7 in solution.
Salts resulting from a reaction between a blue base and an orange acid are basic. They will have a pH > 7 in solution.
Add the states of matter yourself. Everything to the right of an arrow (-->) is aqueous.
