Assistance with Physics Research Task (1 Viewer)

[x.Exhaust.x]

Hey. With the Physics research task I currently have to complete, I need assistance with the following question:

Outline the main differences between the astronomical models of Ptolemy and the modern day. Assess the major developments in technology that have caused the greatest changes in our view of the heavens.

Also, I'm unsure about this dotpoint:

• Identify data sources, and gather, process and analyse information to assess one of the models of the Universe developed from the time of Aristotle to the time of Newton to identify limitations placed on the development of the model by the technology available at the time.

Well we have to specifically research the work of Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler, and then, we have to describe how we evaluated the validity and assessed the reliability of our information. When we've typed up all our research, we have to answer exam response questions to the syllabus dotpoint BASED on the work of Brahe and Kepler. But I can't seem to find a specific model they both worked on together of Brahe and Kepler and any limitations placed on the model...

There's so many more questions on this assignment to do, but they are the main two questions I'm currently having trouble with. Please post if you have ANY ideas or valuable sources e.g. articles, textbooks, sites. Every single part of your assistance is greatly appreciated!

 

[Aplus]

Ptolemy was one of the great Greek astronomers from the first and second centuries AD. He developed an effective system for mapping the Universe:

• He saw the stars and planets move at night so he wanted to predict their movements
• He based much of his theory on the work of his predecessor, Hipparchus
• Ptolemy designed a Geocentric (Earth at the centre of the solar system) predictive model that was to remain in use for some 1400 years. I could accurately predict the future location of celestial objects to an outstanding degree that could not be bettered for over 1500 years

The model:

• Placed Earth at the centre of the Universe
• Maintained the idea of the heavenly; celestial objects moving in perfect circular motion
• He created epicycles (each planet orbited on a sub-cycle, but that sub-cycle, was also going around the Earth; the centre of the sub-cycle traced out the circumference of the main orbit) to account for retrograde motion (the apparent westward or backward motion of the planets)

Brahe was kind of a dumbass. He proposed that:

• The sun was at the centre
• Everything orbitted the sun except for the Earth
• The sun and moon orbitted the Earth

But, his student Kepler, was really important. He was the first to realise, that objects in space did not have to move with perfect circular motion. He proposed that objects moved in elliptical motion.
His first law: A planet moves around the Sun in an elliptical orbit which has the Sun in one of its two foci.
His second law: He showed that a line joining the planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times as the planet describes its orbit. This basically means that the planets orbit with constant speed. Wherever you are on the orbit, equal distances, will always be covered in equal time.
His third law: This is a formula which proposes that the ratio between the square of a planet's period (time taken to orbit the sun) and its radius (radius of orbit, taking Sun as centre) cubed is a constant and the same for all planets. The formula is T² = Kr³

 

[x.Exhaust.x]

Thanks Victor .

 

[Aerath]

Brahe was kind of a dumbass.

What do you expect from a guy who wore a silver nose who switched it to gold whenever he needed to have a 'lucky' day?

 

[Aplus]

Haha

 

[x.Exhaust.x]

What do you expect from a guy who wore a silver nose who switched it to gold whenever he needed to have a 'lucky' day?

I heard that he lost part of his nose in a duel, that's why he wore them? lol. Anyways, back on topic, need more replies guys, every single assistance is greatly appreciated

 

[Aplus]

Aristotle was very philoshopical. He constructed a geocentric model of the universe with the Earth at the centre and everything orbitting it in perfect circular motion. [Typical philoshopical types, they think the cosmos is all heavenly and celestial, thus circles as perfect shapes; and typical humans putting Earth at centre because we're so awesome that everything revolves around us]

Copernicus is important as well [after Ptolemy]. Made a model with sun at the centre and everything revolving around it. The moon revolved around the Earth. He was really amazing. Managed to get the order of the planets correct with the technology of the time.

Galileo was also so important. He observed:

• The rough features of the moon
• The phases of Venus [like the phases of the moon] - Showed that Venus revolved around sun
• He also saw the moons of Jupiter - Proved that not everything orbited the Earth

Newton, the most important physicist thus far. He formulated his three laws of motion and his universal law of gravitation. He believed that by understanding how objects move and interact on Earth, we should find out more about the orbit of the planets, because everything in the universe follows the same basic principles. From his laws of motion and universal law of gravitation he was able to derive and prove all of Kepler's laws. Newton's discovery of gravity was very important. This proved that Copernicus's model, and what Galileo saw from his telescope was correct. The reason that the planets revolve around the sun was that the great mass of the sun produced a massive force of gravitational attraction. Since the sun as so massive, it has a very small gravitational acceleration and can be taken as motionless. Gravity kept the planets from going off orbit. This also proved that, the moon orbited the Earth, because the Earth was so much bigger than it; another example of gravitational orbit. So thus, the movement of the planets as we knew changed.

 

[x.Exhaust.x]

Thanks again Victor. I recommend aerospace at uni for you, since you have a passion for this topic. Last question:

How would I evaluate the validity and assess the reliability of my information?

 

[tommykins]

Thanks again Victor. I recommend aerospace at uni for you, since you have a passion for this topic. Last question:

How would I evaluate the validity and assess the reliability of my information?

Validity is looking for the reputation of the site, if it's by an educational site (university/government) then it's a valid source. If the sites dedicated/an organisation to physics, then it's valid.

Reliability looks for consistencies within the information, so just say you cross-referenced numerous sources and books.

Also look at different mediums, not just websites, use books (or say you used books )

 

[x.Exhaust.x]

Thanks Tommy and Without Wings .

With the annotated bibliography, is it allowable to put all the sources in the end with a description for each source, the author, website etc.? Or does the bibliography have to be under the source that I wrote up myself with that info?

Edit: What are other technological advancements besides the hubble telescope that have changed our view of the heavens? All I can seem to find is the Hubble space telescope..