-
Finished your HSC? Check out our University Discussion, Non-School forums or help out next year's HSC students! -
YOU can help the next generation of students in the community! Share your trial papers and notes on our Notes & Resources page
Chemistry-Metals (1 Viewer)
- Thread starter Phae
- Start date
sle3pe3bumz
glorious beacon of light
I'm not sure if im right but well I'd mention the reactivity of like bronze as it came first because it was very unreactive or something which made it easier to be discovered ? and like now in the modern era we have technology to discover other metals as we can seperate them .. so like yeah .. stuff like that ?
z600
Sigh.....
- Joined
- Feb 18, 2006
- Messages
- 821
- Gender
- Male
- HSC
- 2008
during the bronze age, humans started to use bronze metals (an alloy of copper and tin). Both copper and tin has low mealting points compare to many other metals. Tin 231.93 °C Copper 1084.62°C. As technology improved humans were able to extra iron (melting point =1538 °C). IN modern times with studies in nuclear technology we are able to produce man made metals. Future developments probably semi conductors or something along thoes lines.Phae said:Can someone help me with this question please
Analyse information to relate the chronology of the bronze age, the iron age and the modern era and possible future developments?
Thanks in advance :<
vulgarfraction
Member
- Joined
- Aug 27, 2006
- Messages
- 549
- Gender
- Undisclosed
- HSC
- N/A
Another question...
'explain why energy input is required to extract a metal from its ore.'
My textbook just stated exactly that. Umm, yeah, that's obvious, but why? Are we allowed to just say it's endothermic?
Anyone got a textbook other than Conquering Chemistry, because right now it seems really useless.
'explain why energy input is required to extract a metal from its ore.'
My textbook just stated exactly that. Umm, yeah, that's obvious, but why? Are we allowed to just say it's endothermic?
Anyone got a textbook other than Conquering Chemistry, because right now it seems really useless.
sle3pe3bumz
glorious beacon of light
Energy input is needed to extract a metal from it's ore because it is used to purify or concentrate it. It is required to maintain the high temperatures needed to make the extraction process go.
An input of energy is usually needed and the energy seperates the different metals according to their melting and boiling points.
If you use the resources section on this site, I'm sure it'd help you alot as that is where I go to for questions the textbook tend to not cover as much.
An input of energy is usually needed and the energy seperates the different metals according to their melting and boiling points.
If you use the resources section on this site, I'm sure it'd help you alot as that is where I go to for questions the textbook tend to not cover as much.
vulgarfraction
Member
- Joined
- Aug 27, 2006
- Messages
- 549
- Gender
- Undisclosed
- HSC
- N/A
I was looking for a more scientific /less handwave-y explanation, but thanks. I'll try the resources.
Why would you need to separate different metals from each other?
Why would you need to separate different metals from each other?
sle3pe3bumz
glorious beacon of light
lols ahah .. sorry about that.
& i have no idea .. lol it was all in the notes i have. ah, shows my understanding of chem. ><"
& i have no idea .. lol it was all in the notes i have. ah, shows my understanding of chem. ><"
z600
Sigh.....
- Joined
- Feb 18, 2006
- Messages
- 821
- Gender
- Male
- HSC
- 2008
1) Energy is required because it breaks the bonding between the metal atoms and other atoms in the ore.
2) We need to seperate metals from each other because we an use them in differnt production of materials.
And conquering chemistry is crap
2) We need to seperate metals from each other because we an use them in differnt production of materials.
And conquering chemistry is crap
sirfeathers
Member
Hey guys... I just did some homework on this, so here goes...
The Bronze Age came pretty early in human history (about 3000BC) because the two metals in bronze, copper and tin, are both relatively unreactive (ie. more likely to be found in their pure form) and both have relatively low melting points. Because of this, very little technology was required to extract them. For example, to get copper out of its mineral malachite, basically all you need to do is stick it on a fire for the copper to be smelted down.
The Iron Age came a bit later (about 1000BC) because it has a higher melting point than copper (or tin). These high temperatures couldn't be obtained with the technology available before that time - but with the improvements in furnace technology and invention of bellows, the high temperature needed to extract iron from its ores could be obtained. (Also, the discovery that iron+carbon=steel was important, because pure iron is too soft and corrosive to be very useful. "The Steel Age" would be a better name.)
In the modern era we've developed new, higher energy extraction methods that have allowed us to extract other metals especially aluminium. Though aluminium is a very common element, we had to wait for the invention of the electrolysis separation technique before we could get it out of its mineral, bauxite.
Future:...??? New alloys discovered, more recycling? I would actually say that in the future we will become less dependent on metals and more on plastics, ceramics, composite materials etc. We'll probably develop better methods of metal extraction though, using lower grade ores(ores with a lower concentration of the extracted metal). This question is basically all about the development of technology.
And to answer vulgarfraction's question...
We need energy to extract metals from ores because while they are minerals in the ores, the metals are not (usually) in their pure form but are parts of ionic compounds. For example, the aluminium in bauxite is actually aluminium oxide. To extract the pure aluminium we need to break the ionic bonds holding the aluminium and oxygen atoms together, ie
The Bronze Age came pretty early in human history (about 3000BC) because the two metals in bronze, copper and tin, are both relatively unreactive (ie. more likely to be found in their pure form) and both have relatively low melting points. Because of this, very little technology was required to extract them. For example, to get copper out of its mineral malachite, basically all you need to do is stick it on a fire for the copper to be smelted down.
The Iron Age came a bit later (about 1000BC) because it has a higher melting point than copper (or tin). These high temperatures couldn't be obtained with the technology available before that time - but with the improvements in furnace technology and invention of bellows, the high temperature needed to extract iron from its ores could be obtained. (Also, the discovery that iron+carbon=steel was important, because pure iron is too soft and corrosive to be very useful. "The Steel Age" would be a better name.)
In the modern era we've developed new, higher energy extraction methods that have allowed us to extract other metals especially aluminium. Though aluminium is a very common element, we had to wait for the invention of the electrolysis separation technique before we could get it out of its mineral, bauxite.
Future:...??? New alloys discovered, more recycling? I would actually say that in the future we will become less dependent on metals and more on plastics, ceramics, composite materials etc. We'll probably develop better methods of metal extraction though, using lower grade ores(ores with a lower concentration of the extracted metal). This question is basically all about the development of technology.
And to answer vulgarfraction's question...
We need energy to extract metals from ores because while they are minerals in the ores, the metals are not (usually) in their pure form but are parts of ionic compounds. For example, the aluminium in bauxite is actually aluminium oxide. To extract the pure aluminium we need to break the ionic bonds holding the aluminium and oxygen atoms together, ie
aluminium oxide ---> aluminium + oxygen
Because the bonds are strong forces of attraction between the atoms, we need large inputs of energy to negate the effect of that attraction and break the bonds.
Most of this info came from Chemistry Contexts. Hope it helped
Most of this info came from Chemistry Contexts. Hope it helped