people, draw a diagram, make the shifts and look at the new equilibium (point of intersection). if you ever need to know what will happen in instances of shortages and surpluses, think of ebay. if, for example, their are 100,000,000 new iphones on sale (not on sale yet, and quite an extreme example), obviously extreme surplus, then obviously there arent going to be enough bidders for each of the items, rather the bids become evenly distributed, and the price is low. if on the other hand we have a rare item, britney spears' hair (real), then obviously the shortage (lots of willing buyers, few sellers), then lots of people bid on the same item, forcing the price up.