Welcome to BoS onesikgypo
I don't really know, this questions seems to be pretty broad
But if I were you, I'd probably talk about things like, people have always been seeing everything as interchangeable - maybe alchemy (I know it's not exactly science but hey, people learnt about ways to handle things eg.heating using cauldrons which helped lots in the science of chemistry
) has something to do with this? - And according to the particle theory, elements which form compounds can separate and form other compounds with other elements, as long as a bonding that satisfies the valency rules can be established. Did that all make sense? Basically I was trying to say that the structure and bonding of elements are the underlying reasons for chemical reactions, which result in the formation of substances with vastly different properties to the elements which make up these substances.