in addition to the above:
1. the median age of the popluation and the median retirement age can affect the labour force participation since all people over the age of 15 are included in the working age population,
2. people undertaking full time study are not included in the labour force - one phenomenon my eco teacher explained is that often in a recession, high school retention rates can increase due to the lack of current job opportunities, many students feel that their best chance of a job in the near term relies on finishing high school. however this could be counter balanced with high school dropouts resulting in a diminution of family income