For the a part, im a bit iffy about my way in doing part (IV) yet but il keep trying. cbb to b) but im sure if you manipulate around a bit you'l get there.
im sure you can show that formula
ii) it seems a gift IMO. sub in (ae,0) and you'l get it
iii) i used y2 - y1 / x2 - x1 and you notice how the denom is 0 therefore the gradient is infinite. Therefore the angle must be 90 degrees
iv) Use similar triangles ROT and PST
therefore RT/RO = PT/PS
therefore RT ( 1 - e^2) = PT
PR = RT - PT
= RT - (RT [ 1 - e^2 ] )
= e^2 . RT
seems i could be bothered to do the part b)
as i said state eqns of tangent/normal.
to find T and N, replace y in both with x
so the coordinates of T are (2cp/(1+p^2), 2cp/(1+p^2)) and N are (c(p^2 +1)/p , c(p^2 +1)/p)
now to find OT and ON use pythagoras taking the x and y coordinates of T and N
multiply OT and ON and heaps of stuff cancels and you left with 4c^2