Assess - you provide a judgment about the extent of something's value, significance etc. e.g. assess the role exercise in being healthy you'd answer with exercise has an important role or a minimal role etc. (similar to to what extent)
Analyse - you explain in depth the consequences and implications of something, think of it as an extension of 'explain' so you just take a further step and talk about further implications
Describe - brief outlining of the features of something (similar to outline but goes a bit further)
Evaluate - similar to assess, you're making a judgment about something