Auto Wah said:
you can also mute the string with your fret hand. Kinda like muting a chord, you still play the chord but you're muting it. A lot of punk bands does that. You move your finger on the string but don't press it down and to get the note you have to put your fingers right on top of the fret.
An example, "Small things" blink182
but when you play an xxxxxx muting use the palm of your right hand on the string. I don't see how it can be anywhere near the volume knob
What your describing is a dumped string or chord, nirvanas smells like teen spirit is a prime example. You play an (F5?) power chord, starting at the 1st fret of E then you simply raise your fingers clear off the fret board, but still on the strings, and strum, then you move onto to (B5?), starting first fret A string.
A mute (or palm mute more corectly, to distinguish it from dumping) involves your right hand being laid over the point of contact where the strings meet the bridge. the blade of your hand palm (opposite the thumb) is the only part that should touch, your pinky either running more or less parrallel with the strings or flared out so it doesnt touch the volume knobs.
Take merithronds picture and have your pinky where the whammy bar is (metal thing coming out of the bride). It isn't really possible to run it dead straight done through the gap in the knobs because your pinky will move when you pluck..
Auto Wah said:
you can do that, but then it'll sound flat but not quite a half step down or anything. you'll understand this a lot better if you have a slide. You know how a lot of string instruments that doesn't have frets all over the neck like Violin or classical Bass. A guitar is kinda like that, but with frets you can only hear notes at certain frequencies. When you're not using the frets and muting it with your "Fretting hand" your fingers becomes the frets. because your fingers are not made out of Brass or copper etc. the string doesn't vibrate a great deal.
When muting fingers = fret. that's why to make sure it doesn't sound flat you put your finger over where the fret should be.
Hope you get the idea.
Harmonics (both natural and artificial) are entirely differnt to dumped strings, and no you should certainly not dump with your fingers over the frets. Harmonics are used for a purpose, they make a note *sing*, usually at the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th or 12th. You lightly touch the string above the fret, pluck it gently and at the same time remove your finger off the string. Its most effective at the 12th and creates a note one octave higher (like you played it at the 24th).
If you inadvertanly strike harmonics when attempting to dump (or left hand mute) it will sound horrendous, so avoid dumping above frets, just do it where you would normally stick your fingers down.