Chomsky, Noam (1928- ), American linguist, educator, and political activist, educated at the University of Pennsylvania. He is regarded as the founder of transformational-generative grammar, an original system of linguistic analysis that revolutionized linguistics. Chomsky believes that language is the result of an innate human faculty and that the aim of linguistics is, therefore, to determine what universal properties are and to establish a universal grammar which would account for the range of linguistic variation humanly possible. His analyses of language start with basic sentences, from which are developed an endless variety of syntactic combinations by means of a set of rules that he formulates.
Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2003. 1993-2002 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.