particle-like property (1 Viewer)

[Arithela]

"Cathode rays left the cathode at right angles to the surface"

how is this a particle property? thanks

 

[Arithela]

anyone?

 

[Forbidden.]

they were attracted to the anode on the other side. acting like charged particles?

By a potential difference between the anode and cathode.

 

[Arithela]

ok.. they are attached to the anode, but why do they leave at right angles?

 

[Forbidden.]

because the anode is straight across

I'm not an Electrical Engineering student but I'll explain anyway.

Remember that Work is the product of the component of force and the displacement in that direction?

i.e. W = Fd cosθ

(The potential difference is the change in potential energy between two points per unit of charge right? i.e. V = ΔU/q ... but then work is also energy hence V = W/q)
(The electric force is the product of the charge interacting with an electric field, hence F = qE)

W = Fd cosθ
qV = qEd cosθ
V = Ed cosθ
E cosθ = V / d
(For simplicity in the HSC, this is reduced to E = V / d)

Plug in some value of θ between 0 and 90 degrees.
notice that the electric field strength is maximum at 0 degrees (i.e. parallel) with respect to the potential difference across to the other electrode and it's zero at 90 degrees.

Since the plane of the surface is at right angles the electrons leave at the surface of the electrode to the other perpendicular relative to the surface but parallel relative to the opposite electrode.

 

[Arithela]

thanks!