If the government takes money from a business (who is run and owned by individuals (google Free Lunch myth)), that business will correct this extra cost by upping their prices; so the consumer pays more. If the government takes the money the business already had, makes them increase their prices and then gives the consumer the ability to pay the higher cost with no extra impact, what's the fucking point of the tax in the first place? The government gains no revenue because it's just giving money to the masses, the business doesn't gain nor lose any money because its customers' demand hasn't changed despite the price change and the consumer just pays more for the same thing, but that new extra is paid for by the government. Retarded shit like this just leads to cost-push inflation which is fairly rampant amongst our economy and is partially the reason why we have lower purchasing power compared to other nations like the US.
Yes, the business will try and correct the extra cost. This tax will spark innovation as businesses will realise that cutting costs by emmiting less will save them much money in the long run. They shall hope to pass this onto the consumer not because they're nice but because it'll be the most bloody rational thing to do as they'll provide a price cheaper than competitors and thus gain revenue.
PS Maybe i'll just leave this discussion to the 'Carbon Tax' section.
70's supply shocks were caused by a few things, you can blame oil on the US being idiots about their foreign policy in relation to Iran and also starting a 700 billion dollar war in Vietnam. Otherwise any 'supply shocks' were probably caused by the price controls implemented by Nixon lol, even your economics textbook will tell you that
You got to get it out your head (once the HSC is over) that the 'flow' is all that matters; you can't put today's globalised economy on a fricken flow chart lol. I mean what happens when the government stimulus runs out? You still have the mal-investment of capital and labour, that problem isn't going away no matter how much inflationary money you shove down their throats.
So macroeconomic policy isn't complete shit, most of those problems in the 70's were caused by other factors (especially as oil is the lifeblood of economies around the world.)
Economics basically just supply and DEMAND. The flow is neccesary as when people don't spend, others don't receive their income, and those people don't spend, and other don't make an income....
I agreed with that view when i said the credit crisis couldn't have been solved by continual fiscal stimulus.