Well if she got glasses this late in her life, it's nothing to be concerned about. "How far" away until she can see you depends on her prescription. I reckon having a prescription over -1 is already bad enough to blur a fair distance (ie. reading road signs 20m away)
Usually people start realising they need glasses at -0.75.. Usually this is for reading blackboard/whatever board I can say w/o sounding racist =.=... Also it depends on if you have another condition which causes blurring of light.. I think it's called astigmatism.. Say, if you have the letter "I" on a projector screen, the edges would be slightly fuzzy since your eyeball or lens isnt spherical and it causes the wrong refraction of light.
Anyways.. prescriptions of -4 is not "bad".... I've seen worse....
Contact lenses as far as I know go up to a prescription of -12, people can still see.. they are not "clinically blind".. just out of focus..
Longsightedness (hyperopia) and Shortsightedness (myopia) differ due to the shape of the lens which causes refraction. In myopia, the lens is too fat so the image that we see falls short of the optic nerves at the back in which to receive a perfect picture, refraction of the image needs to fall precisely on that spot (to send to the brain, rarara). In hyperopia, the image falls too far back hence the image is screwed once again.
As for treatment, once again it depends on how bad your condition is..
-1 to -3 is basically the optimal if you want "hard lens"... it's basically a contact lens made out of semi permiable plastic that you can either sleep with or wear daily.. You CAN wear it if your prescription is over -3, but there's no point since they're so expensive and they only take off MAX of 3 degrees if you're successful.. some people's eyes are so hard to correct that they might reduce 1 degree, then when the stop the treatment they gain back to their original prescription.. depends on age and stuff.. after puberty there's no point really in having hard lens since your eye is pretty much in it's full grown permanent state.
Laser... or "Lasik"... I think it's only recommended up to -6 since if you have a prescription any higher, they have to remove too much tissue from the surface of the eye and it gets quite dangerous...
Intraocular lenses are usually for people with cataracts.. but can be used for people with really bad eyesight.. (ie. >-10).. what that does is remove your natural lens and stick a plastic lens in.. Great for normal to distant vision, but since the lens cannot accomodate (ie. flatten or fatten), you can't really focus on things close to you.. so you might need corrective glasses if you're reading close things..
However, I'm aware that there's a new treatment right now which is similar to above, however instead of removing your natural lens, they stick a plastic lens between your natural lens and the iris/pupil area.. So you can still have varing degrees of focusing..
Heheh.. funny things with people with the above two treatments is that, in certain lights, the lens reflects light and it seems like you're looking into cat eyes X]
Whoof, I just wrote an essay.. hope it clears things up a bit =]