nexttttt (2 Viewers)

[dolbinau]

do we need to know this for antibodies? ( from resource notes on site)

§ Antibodies inactivate/destroy antigens in 4 ways:
Ø Neutralisation: They can stick to the binding sites of viruses, or disable bacterial toxins by coating them. These are then engulfed by phagocytes.
Ø Agglutination: Antibodies ‘clump’ together solid antigens such as bacteria, combining many bacteria into a solid mass. This mass is then engulfed.
Ø Precipitation: Soluble antigens are stuck together by multiple antibodies, and are precipitated out of the solute (plasma). Phagocytosis follow.
Ø Complement Activation: The antibodies can stick to the surfaces of bacterial cells, acting as tags for destruction by complement proteins.​

I don't think so. Just generalisations about antibodies working against specific antigens to neutralise/destroy them.

 

[midifile]

do we need to know this for antibodies? ( from resource notes on site)

§ Antibodies inactivate/destroy antigens in 4 ways:
Ø Neutralisation: They can stick to the binding sites of viruses, or disable bacterial toxins by coating them. These are then engulfed by phagocytes.
Ø Agglutination: Antibodies ‘clump’ together solid antigens such as bacteria, combining many bacteria into a solid mass. This mass is then engulfed.
Ø Precipitation: Soluble antigens are stuck together by multiple antibodies, and are precipitated out of the solute (plasma). Phagocytosis follow.
Ø Complement Activation: The antibodies can stick to the surfaces of bacterial cells, acting as tags for destruction by complement proteins.​

i dont think so..

I think all you have to know is that antibodies bind to the antigen, neutralising the pathogen

 

[gloworm14]

ok ill just remember they:
bind
neutralise
tag

and pretty much break down and destroy antigens


^ much easier to remember!

 

[dolbinau]

I'll bump my question from before, how are tracheids related to the Xylem?

 

[gloworm14]

I'll bump my question from before, how are tracheids related to the Xylem?

tracheids are a part of the xylem. thats all i know.
and phloem has the companion cells.

omg ALGALELE has seen me more than once, what a stalker lol

 

[ALGALELE]

tracheids are a part of the xylem. thats all i know.
and phloem has the companion cells.

omg ALGALELE has seen me more than once, what a stalker lol

LOL, thats how i roll

 

[gcmk]

For the mechanisms that allow the interaction between B/T lymphocytes, are there just 2, because every book has different ones!
1) close contact
2)Soluble factor?

 

[dolbinau]

For the mechanisms that allow the interaction between B/T lymphocytes, are there just 2, because every book has different ones!
1) close contact
2)Soluble factor?

Is the soluable factor interleukins?

 

[ALGALELE]

Ur All Nerds!

 

[gloworm14]

what's the difference between humoral immunity and cell mediated immunity in the context of b and t cells?

 

[gcmk]

Is the soluable factor interleukins?

yeh i think so, like T-cells produce a soluble factor (interleukins) after interaction with an anitigen. Bcell reacts with soluble factor and the specific antigen becomes a functional antibody-producing cell. but every book has different mechanisms, i don't know which ones are correct .

 

[dolbinau]

what's the difference between humoral immunity and cell mediated immunity in the context of b and t cells?

Humoral = Antibodies by B cells

Cell Mediated = T cells; (Cytotoxic aka Killer cells which ask on specific antigens), macrophages etc..

I don't think we have to distinguish between them in this sense, do we?

 

[Kujah]

Humoral/Antibody-mediated --> B cells acting on antigens in blood

Cell-mediated --> T cells acting on infected body cells.

 

[ALGALELE]

Humoral = Antibodies by B cells

Cell Mediated = T cells; (Cytotoxic aka Killer cells which ask on specific antigens), macrophages etc..

I don't think we have to distinguish between them in this sense, do we?

dude, change your sig to 100+
argh u no everything so intimidating

 

[gcmk]

dude, change your sig to 100+
argh u no everything so intimidating

i know you know everything so well !

 

[ALGALELE]

i know you know everything so well !

huh lol, your either being sarcastic or your very wrong lol..
i havnt touchd serch fr better health or comm yet lol
the only thing that can help me now is a nice all-nighter

 

[WantToDoBetter]

For the syllabus point: Explian why processes of diffusion and osmosis are inadequate in removing dissolved nitrogenous wastes in some organisms.

is it because: diffusion is a slow process and osmosis is the movement of water so wastes would stay in the body? are there any other reasons ? i don't get it.

Osmosis: (Like you said) It is the movement of water along a concentration gradiant. It's only water moving.

Diffusion: Is too slow (^^^) BUT is also non selective of solutes. Meaning it will not deal directly with nitrogenous wastes and they need to be removed to maintain celluar functions.

 

[boony3]

discuss problems relating to antibacterial resistance.

help please, the textbook i have is useless grrr

 

[gcmk]

huh lol, your either being sarcastic or your very wrong lol..
i havnt touchd serch fr better health or comm yet lol
the only thing that can help me now is a nice all-nighter

lol sorry i was talking about the other guy, i was agreein with u

 

[gcmk]

Osmosis: (Like you said) It is the movement of water along a concentration gradiant. It's only water moving.

Diffusion: Is too slow (^^^) BUT is also non selective of solutes. Meaning it will not deal directly with nitrogenous wastes and they need to be removed to maintain celluar functions.

so u mean the nitrogenous waste must be at a certain conc to be removed using diffusion? so would wastes diffuse out of cells if the conc is lower in the surrounding body fluids?