Well actually islamic extremists killed a bunch of the boys from my footy club when they blew up the Sari club. One of the boys still here is covered in permanent scarring all over his body. The others who survived get to live with the horror. Lost anything? yeah. Affecting? Yeah. fuck off idiot.
Aside from that, what good has Islam actually done for the world anyway? Christianity at least managed to spread education, medicine etc around the world. Jewish folk can be thanked for a dissproportionate amount of scientific/medicinal/technological advancement of recent history. I've yet to find much of anything useful developed/written/progressed by folk with the surname Mohammed (aside from fear, loathing and gross sexual inequality).
Islam = burden.
Seeing as how you are dumb enough to ask. Muslims were basically the pivotal point for modernisation. They were the first to create farming and agriculture thereby resulting in the development of settlements than cities and resulted in people having free time to create poetry, invent things, mathematics, engineering. This passed on to Europe which were hunter gathers. Now as for Inventions his basically 1 % of all things invented by muslims:
Some of the inventions that came from the Islamic Golden Age include the chess
camera obscura,
coffee,
soap bar,
shampoo, pure
distillation,
liquefaction,
crystallization,
purification,
oxidisation,
evaporation,
filtration,
distilled alcohol,
uric acid,
nitric acid,
alembic,
crankshaft,
valve,
reciprocating suction piston pump,
mechanical clocks driven by
water and
weights,
combination lock,
quilting, pointed
arch,
scalpel, bone
saw,
forceps, surgical
catgut,
windmill,
fountain pen,
cryptanalysis,
frequency analysis, three-course
meal,
stained glass and
quartz glass,
Persian carpet,
celestial globe,
[74]
A number of important educational and scientific
institutions previously unknown in the ancient world have their origins in the medieval Islamic world, with the most notable examples being: the
public hospital (which replaced
healing temples and
sleep temples)
[14] and
psychiatric hospital,
[15] the
public library and
lending library, the
academic degree-granting
university, and the astronomical
observatory as a
research institute[14] (as opposed to a private
observation post as was the case in ancient times).
[16]
[edit] Industrial growth
Further information: Muslim Agricultural Revolution: Industrial growth and Inventions in the Muslim world
The
Iranian born
Jabir ibn Hayyan (Geber) introduced the
experimental method to chemistry. He established the
chemical industry and
perfumery industry.
Muslim engineers in the Islamic world made a number of innovative
industrial uses of
hydropower, and early industrial uses of
tidal power,
wind power,
steam power,
[55] fossil fuels such as
petroleum, and early large
factory complexes (
tiraz in Arabic).
[56] The industrial uses of
watermills in the Islamic world date back to the 7th century, while horizontal-
wheeled and vertical-wheeled water mills were both in widespread use since at least the 9th century. A variety of industrial mills were being employed in the Islamic world, including early
fulling mills,
gristmills,
hullers,
paper mills,
sawmills, shipmills,
stamp mills,
steel mills,
sugar mills,
tide mills and
windmills. By the 11th century, every province throughout the Islamic world had these industrial mills in operation, from
al-Andalus and
North Africa to the
Middle East and
Central Asia.
[57] Muslim engineers also invented
crankshafts and
water turbines, employed
gears in mills and water-raising
machines, and pioneered the use of
dams as a source of water power, used to provide additional power to watermills and water-raising machines.
[43] Such advances made it possible for many industrial tasks that were previously driven by
manual labour in
ancient times to be
mechanized and driven by
machinery instead in the medieval Islamic world. The transfer of these technologies to medieval Europe had an influence on the
Industrial Revolution.
[58]
A number of industries were generated due to the Muslim Agricultural Revolution, including early industries for
agribusiness,
astronomical instruments,
ceramics,
chemicals,
distillation technologies,
clocks,
glass, mechanical
hydropowered and
wind powered machinery,
matting,
mosaics,
pulp and paper,
perfumery,
petroleum,
pharmaceuticals,
rope-making,
shipping,
shipbuilding,
silk,
sugar,
textiles,
water,
weapons, and the
mining of
minerals such as
sulphur,
ammonia,
lead and
iron. Early large
factory complexes (
tiraz) were built for many of these industries, and knowledge of these industries were later transmitted to
medieval Europe, especially during the
Latin translations of the 12th century, as well as before and after. For example, the first glass factories in Europe were founded in the 11th century by
Egyptian craftsmen in
Greece.
[59] The
agricultural and
handicraft industries also experienced high levels of growth during this period.
[37]
The traditional view of
Islamic science was that it was chiefly a preserver and transmitter of ancient knowledge.
[77] For example, Donald Lach argues that modern science originated in Europe as an amalgam of
medieval technology and Greek learning.
[78] These views have been disputed in recent times, with some scholars suggesting that Muslim
scientists laid the foundations for modern
science,
[79][80][81][82][83] for their development of early
scientific methods and an
empirical,
experimental and
quantitative approach to scientific
inquiry.
[84] Some scholars have referred to this period as a "Muslim
scientific revolution",
[85][2][86][87] a term which expresses the view that Islam was the driving force behind the Muslim scientific achievements,
[88] and should not to be confused with the
early modern European
Scientific Revolution leading to the rise of modern science.
[89][90][91] Edward Grant argues that modern science was due to the cumulative efforts of the
Hellenic, Islamic and
Latin civilizations.
[92]
[edit] Chemistry
Main article: Alchemy (Islam)
Geber (Jabir ibn Hayyan) is considered a pioneer of
chemistry,
[112][113] as he was responsible for introducing an early
experimental scientific method within the field, as well as the
alembic,
still,
retort,
[74] and the
chemical processes of pure
distillation,
filtration,
sublimation,
[114] liquefaction,
crystallisation,
purification,
oxidisation and
evaporation.
[74]
The study of traditional
alchemy and the theory of the
transmutation of metals were first refuted by
al-Kindi,
[115] followed by
Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī,
[116] Avicenna,
[117] and
Ibn Khaldun. In his
Doubts about Galen,
al-Razi was the first to prove both
Aristotle's theory of
classical elements and
Galen's theory of
humorism false using an experimental method.
[118] Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī stated an early version of the law of
conservation of mass, noting that a body of
matter is able to change, but is not able to disappear.
[119] Alexander von Humboldt and
Will Durant consider medieval Muslim chemists to be founders of chemistry.
[82][80]
Mathematics
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_mathematics
Among the achievements of Muslim mathematicians during this period include the development of
algebra and
algorithms by the
Persian and
Islamic mathematician
Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī,
[120][121] the invention of
spherical trigonometry,
[122] the addition of the
decimal point notation to the
Arabic numerals, the discovery of all the
trigonometric functions besides sine,
al-Kindi's introduction of
cryptanalysis and
frequency analysis,
al-Karaji's introduction of algebraic
calculus and
proof by
mathematical induction, the development of
analytic geometry and the earliest general formula for
infinitesimal and
integral calculus by
Ibn al-Haytham, the beginning of
algebraic geometry by
Omar Khayyam, the first refutations of
Euclidean geometry and the
parallel postulate by
Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī, the first attempt at a
non-Euclidean geometry by Sadr al-Din, the development of
symbolic algebra by
Abū al-Hasan ibn Alī al-Qalasādī,
[123] and numerous other advances in algebra,
arithmetic, calculus,
cryptography,
geometry,
number theory and
trigonometry.
An Arabic manuscript describing the eye, dating back to the 12th century
Medicine
Main article: Islamic medicine
Further information: Islamic psychology, Bimaristan, and Ophthalmology in medieval Islam Islamic medicine was a genre of medical writing that was influenced by several different medical systems. The works of
ancient Greek and
Roman physicians
Hippocrates,
Dioscorides,
Soranus,
Celsus and
Galen had a lasting impact on Islamic medicine.
[124][125][126]
Muslim
physicians made many significant contributions to
medicine, including
anatomy,
experimental medicine,
ophthalmology,
pathology, the
pharmaceutical sciences,
physiology,
surgery, etc. They also set up some of the earliest dedicated
hospitals,
[127] including the first
medical schools[128] and
psychiatric hospitals.
[129] Al-Kindi wrote the
De Gradibus, in which he first demonstrated the application of
quantification and mathematics to medicine and pharmacology, such as a mathematical scale to quantify the strength of
drugs and the determination in advance of the most critical days of a patient's illness.
[130] Al-Razi (Rhazes) discovered
measles and
smallpox, and in his
Doubts about Galen, proved
Galen's
humorism false.
[118]
Abu al-Qasim (Abulcasis) helped lay the foudations for modern
surgery,
[131] with his
Kitab al-Tasrif, in which he invented numerous
surgical instruments, including the first instruments unique to women,
[132] as well as the surgical uses of
catgut and
forceps, the
ligature,
surgical needle,
scalpel,
curette,
retractor, surgical
spoon,
sound, surgical
hook, surgical
rod, and
specula,
[133] and bone
saw.
[74] Ibn al-Haytham (Alhacen) made important advances in
eye surgery, as he correctly explained the process of sight and
visual perception for the first time in his
Book of Optics.
[132]
Avicenna helped lay the foundations for modern
medicine,
[134] with
The Canon of Medicine, which was responsible for introducing systematic
experimentation and
quantification in
physiology,
[135] the discovery of
contagious disease, introduction of
quarantine to limit their spread, introduction of
experimental medicine,
evidence-based medicine,
clinical trials,
[136] randomized controlled trials,
[137][138] efficacy tests,
[139][140] and
clinical pharmacology,
[141] the first descriptions on
bacteria and
viral organisms,
[142] distinction of
mediastinitis from
pleurisy, contagious nature of
tuberculosis, distribution of
diseases by water and
soil, skin troubles,
sexually transmitted diseases,
perversions,
nervous ailments,
[127] use of ice to treat
fevers, and separation of medicine from pharmacology.
[132]
Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar) was the earliest known
experimental surgeon.
[143] In the 12th century, he was responsible for introducing the experimental method into surgery, as he was the first to employ
animal testing in order to experiment with surgical procedures before applying them to human patients.
[144] He also performed the first
dissections and postmortem
autopsies on humans as well as animals.
[145]
Ibn al-Nafis laid the foundations for
circulatory physiology,
[146] as he was the first to describe the
pulmonary circulation[147] and
coronary circulation,
[148][149] which form the basis of the
circulatory system, for which he is considered "the greatest
physiologist of the
Middle Ages."
[150] He also described the earliest concept of
metabolism,
[151] and developed new systems of
physiology and
psychology to replace the
Avicennian and
Galenic systems, while discrediting many of their erroneous theories on
humorism,
pulsation,
[152] bones,
muscles,
intestines,
sensory organs,
bilious canals,
esophagus,
stomach, etc.
[153]
Ibn al-Lubudi rejected the theory of
humorism, and discovered that the
body and its preservation depend exclusively upon
blood, women cannot produce
sperm, the movement of
arteries are not dependent upon the movement of the
heart, the heart is the first organ to form in a
fetus' body, and the
bones forming the
skull can grow into
tumors.
[154] Ibn Khatima and Ibn al-Khatib discovered that infectious diseases are caused by
microorganisms which enter the human body.
[155] Mansur ibn Ilyas drew comprehensive diagrams of the body's structural,
nervous and
circulatory systems.
[4]
[edit] Physics
Main article: Islamic physics
The study of
experimental physics began with
Ibn al-Haytham,
[156] a pioneer of modern
optics, who introduced the
experimental scientific method and used it to drastically transform the understanding of
light and
vision in his
Book of Optics, which has been ranked alongside
Isaac Newton's
Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica as one of the most influential books in the
history of physics,
[157] for initiating a
scientific revolution in
optics[158] and
visual perception.
[159]
The experimental scientific method was soon introduced into
mechanics by
Biruni,
[160] and early precursors to
Newton's laws of motion were discovered by several Muslim scientists. The law of
inertia, known as Newton's first law of motion, and the concept of
momentum were discovered by
Ibn al-Haytham (Alhacen)
[161][162] and
Avicenna.
[163][164] The proportionality between
force and
acceleration, considered "the fundamental law of
classical mechanics" and foreshadowing Newton's second law of motion, was discovered by
Hibat Allah Abu'l-Barakat al-Baghdaadi,
[165] while the concept of
reaction, foreshadowing Newton's third law of motion, was discovered by
Ibn Bajjah (Avempace).
[166] Theories foreshadowing
Newton's law of universal gravitation were developed by
Ja'far Muhammad ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir,
[167] Ibn al-Haytham,
[168] and
al-Khazini.
[169] Galileo Galilei's mathematical treatment of
acceleration and his concept of
impetus[170] was enriched by the commentaries of
Avicenna[163] and
Ibn Bajjah to Aristotle's
Physics as well as the
Neoplatonist tradition of Alexandria, represented by
John Philoponus.
[171]
[edit] Other sciences
Main article: Islamic science
Further information: Islamic geography, Islamic psychology, Early Muslim sociology, and Historiography of early Islam Many other advances were made by Muslim scientists in
biology (
anatomy,
botany,
evolution,
physiology and
zoology), the
earth sciences (
anthropology,
cartography,
geodesy,
geography and
geology),
psychology (
experimental psychology,
psychiatry,
psychophysics and
psychotherapy), and the
social sciences (
demography,
economics,
sociology,
history and
historiography).
Other famous Muslim scientists during the Islamic Golden Age include
al-Farabi (a polymath),
Biruni (a polymath who was one of the earliest
anthropologists and a pioneer of
geodesy),
[172] Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī (a polymath), and
Ibn Khaldun (considered to be a pioneer of several
social sciences[173] such as
demography,
[174] economics,
[175] cultural history,
[176] historiography[177] and
sociology),
[178] among others.
Other achievements